Rituximab in Minimal Change Disease
نویسندگان
چکیده
Treatment with rituximab, a monoclonal antibody against the B-lymphocyte surface protein CD20, leads to the depletion of B cells. Recently, rituximab was reported to effectively prevent relapses of glucocorticoid-dependent or frequently relapsing minimal change disease (MCD). MCD is thought to be T-cell mediated; how rituximab controls MCD is not understood. In this review, we summarize key clinical studies demonstrating the efficacy of rituximab in idiopathic nephrotic syndrome, mainly MCD. We then discuss immunological features of this disease and potential mechanisms of action of rituximab in its treatment based on what is known about the therapeutic action of rituximab in other immune-mediated disorders. We believe that studies aimed at understanding the mechanisms of action of rituximab in MCD will provide a novel approach to resolve the elusive immune pathophysiology of MCD. Abrégé Le traitement par le rituximab, un anticorps monoclonal contre la protéine de surface CD20 des lymphocytes B, mène à l’appauvrissement de ces derniers. Le rituximab a récemment été signalé comme étant efficace pour prévenir les rechutes des maladies à changements minimes (MCD) dépendantes des glucocorticoïdes ou des MCD à rechutes fréquentes. On pense que les MCD pourraient être induites par les lymphocytes T, mais la manière dont le rituximab agit sur les MCD n’est pas encore bien comprise. Dans cette revue, nous résumons les principales études cliniques démontrant l’efficacité du rituximab dans le syndrome néphrotique idiopathique, principalement dans les MCD. Nous discutons ensuite des caractéristiques immunologiques de la maladie et des mécanismes d’action potentiels du rituximab dans son traitement, en nous basant sur ce que l’on connaît de l’action thérapeutique du rituximab dans d’autres troubles immunitaires. Nous sommes d’avis que des études visant une meilleure compréhension des mécanismes d’action du rituximab dans les MCD pourront fournir de nouvelles approches pour remédier à la pathophysiologie immunitaire des MCD.
منابع مشابه
Clinical Report Sustained complete remission of steroid- and cyclophosphamide- resistant minimal-change disease with a single course of rituximab therapy
We report a case of steroidand cyclophosphamide-resistant nephrotic syndrome secondary to minimal-change disease occurring in an otherwise healthy 19-year-old female, responding rapidly to two doses of rituximab therapy. Complete disease remission has been sustained up to last follow-up (32 months) despite CD19 recovery. Literature review suggests emerging evidence that rituximab may have a rol...
متن کاملSustained complete remission of steroid- and cyclophosphamide-resistant minimal-change disease with a single course of rituximab therapy
We report a case of steroid- and cyclophosphamide-resistant nephrotic syndrome secondary to minimal-change disease occurring in an otherwise healthy 19-year-old female, responding rapidly to two doses of rituximab therapy. Complete disease remission has been sustained up to last follow-up (32 months) despite CD19 recovery. Literature review suggests emerging evidence that rituximab may have a r...
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Implication for health policy/practice/research/medical education: Reports on patients with steroid-dependent nephrotic syndrome and underlying minimal change disease or focal segmental glomerulosclerosis have shown promising results. There is a strong need for more trials conducted in a prospective, controlled manner to clearly recommend rituximab therapy in this indication on a regular basis.
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